December 18

IB 30/35

We had our debate today on the topic of "This house believes that government intervention in the economy is necessary". We also started watching "It's a Wonderful Life" today, and we'll continue the movie on Wednesday and Thursday.

IB 20

You wrote your Paper 2 on Topic 3, Authoritarian and Single-Party States today. We also started watching "Understanding Canadian Government".

Social 10-1

We continued our Model UN Conference on Child Soldiers today. We'll finish this conference off tomorrow, by looking at some working papers and resolutions that you were working on today. Please remember that you have homework tonight: your Chapter 17 Key Terms and Questions are due tomorrow.

Tanda Hepatitis Anak

Berbagai macam jenis penyakit banyak yang menyerang anak-anak pula. Salah satu yang seringkali menimpa anak-anak adalah penyakit hepatitis anak. Untuk bisa mencegah hepatitis anak tentunya kita harus mengenal akan berbagai macam tanda gejala hepatitis ini. Karena dengan kita mengetahui sedini mungkin gejala hepatitis anak maka kita akan bisa lebih cepat dalam memberikan pertolongan, pengobatan dan perawatan dari penyakit ini.

Penyakit pada organ hati yang disebut dengan hepatitis merupakan penyakit serius yang dapat berakibat fatal baik itu bagi orang dewasa terlebih lagi bila menimpa anak-anak dan bayi. Karakter umum penyakit ini yaitu adanya peradangan pada sel-sel hati. Hepatitis digolongkan dalam beberapa tipe, dan penyebab utama penyakit ini adalah infeksi virus, tetapi ada beberapa faktor lain yang dapat memicunya yaitu parasit, bakteri atau obat-obatan tertentu. Sementara pada bayi, penyakit ini lebih banyak muncul di awal-awal usia bayi (sekitar 2 bulan).

Ada beberapa contoh dari dampak efek negatif virus hepatitis ini misalnya adalah gangguan otak yang mengakibatkan kemunduran mental dan cerebral palsy (lumpuh otak), bisa menyebabkan kerusakan permanen sel hati, dan juga timbulnya sirosis hati (hilangnya fungsi sel-sel hati karena adanya jaringan parut). Sebanyak dari 80% bayi penderita hepatitis biasanya dapat sembuh secara total, dan 20% sisanya akan bisa berpotensi menjadi kronis dan sirosis.

Peran orang tua sangat penting pula untuk bisa mengenali akan ciri tanda hepatitis anak bayi. Salah satu gejala hepatitis pada anak adalah kondisi anak terlalu tinggi bilirubin dalam darah bayi (zat racun yang dihasilkan oleh hati). Gejala tersebut terlihat dari tampilan fisik warna kuning pada kulit dan bagin bola mata bayi, urin berwarna gelap, dan faeces berwarna pucat.

Berikut beberapa tanda penyakit hepatitis anak yaitu :

1. Ikterus (Badan berwarna lebih kekuning-kuningan) maka pada dahulu orang seringkali menyebut penyakit hepatitis ini dengan penyakit kuning. Ikterus atau ikterik ini adalah sebuah proses terlalu tingginya kadar bilirubin dalam darah bayi (zat racun yang dihasilkan oleh organ hati), yang ditandai dengan warna kuning pada kulit dan bagian putih bola mata bayi, urin berwarna gelap, dan feses berwarna pucat. Itu mengapa pada masa sekarang ini kita seringkali menemui bayi-bayi dijemur pagi hari di sinar matahari pagi akan bisa mengurangi akan kadar bilirubin ini bila kadarnya tidak berlebihan sekali.
2. Berat Badan anak cenderung menurun. Tanda ini karena berhubungan erat dengan pola makan dan pemasukan nutrisi sang bayi. Anak yang terkena penyakit hepatitis ini cenderung akan susah makan serta kehilangan akan nafsu makan sehingga berakibat akan penurunan berat badan pula. Dan susah makan adalah ciri khas pula pada hepatitis anak.
3. Demam. Proses infeksi akibat virus hepatitis ini baik virus hepatitis A, hepatitis B, ataupun hepatitis C akan bisa menyebabkan seorang anak atau bayi menderita demam. Maka wajib bagi orang tua bila menemui anaknya kekuningan dan demam lebih baik segera diperiksakan ke tenaga kesehatan untuk diagnosis lebih akuratnya lagi.
4. Rasa tidak nyaman pada organ pencernaan. Organ pencernaan dan organ-organ yang berdekatan dengan organ hati yang terserang penyakit ini sedikit banyak akan terkena imbasnya dan akan menimbulkan tanda serta gejalanya pula. Rasa tidak nyaman seperti halnya perut terasa penuh, kembung, atau sesak. Rasa sakit di bagian kanan atas perut biasanya baru muncul ketika infeksi sudah terjadi selama 6 bulan atau lebih. Kondisi ini pada bayi terlihat dengan tanda-tanda bayi rewel, punggung melengkung serta lutut dirapatkan ke dada karena menahan rasa sakit di perut.
5. Muntah. Bila berkelanjutan rasa tidak nyaman di atas akan menyebabkan akan muntah. Muntah in akan terjadi karena adanya peradangan dan infeksi serta gangguan dalam sistem pencernaan sang anak/bayi.

Pencegahan Hepatitis Anak dapat kita lakukan dengan cara :

1. Melakukan pemberian imunisasi vaksin hepatitis secara rutin menurut petunjuk medis.
2. Menjaga kesehatan dengan jalan berhati-hati dalam mengkonsumsi obat.
3. Memberikan makanan sehat dan mengandung nutrisi serta gizi yang cukup kepada anak-anak.

Dengan melakukan kiat tips cara mencegah hepatitis ini diharapkan kita bisa melakukan berbagai cara yang sehat agar anak-anak kita terhindar dari penyakit hepatitis ini. Mengingat akan berbagai jenis hepatitis dari hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C yang seringkali mengintai kesehatan anak-anak kita marilah kita untuk membudayakan hidup sehat demi mencegah penyakit hepatitis yang termasuk salah satu jenis penyakit yang menular pula.

Audi Sesumbar Hypercarnya Bakal Lebih Baik Dari Mclaren P1

Kepala bagian yang khusus membawahi mobil-mobil high-performancedari produsen asal Jerman, Audi, Franciscus Van Meel, sesumbar bahwa diesel-electrik supercar yang sedang mereka kembangkan akan jauh lebih baik dari para pesaing-pesaingnya. Menurutnya, "If we make this car it will be the absolute best supercar, and completely different in concept to the R8".  

Mclaren P1 atau bahkan sucsesor dari Ferrari Enzo diklaim bakal kalah superior dibandingkan dengan performa supercar Audi yang akan hadir nanti. Sebagai jantung penggerak, Audi sepertinya akan menanamkan mesin V12 turbodiesel yang performanya telah terbukti dan dan teruji. Mesin tersebut diperkirakan akan mampu mengahasilkan tenaga hingga 700hp dengan torsi yang cukup untuk membawanya sprint menuju 97 km/jam dalam waktu 3 detik.

Info terkait: Mobil Audi Indonesia

Inilah Jok Mobil Canggih, Disetel Pakai Smartphone

Perusahaan pembuat interior di Eropa, Faurencia, menawarkan kursi pintar yang bisa disetting dengan sistem SmartFit yang terintegrasi dengan Bluetooth pada piranti smartpone.

Sistem terintegrasi tersebut dapat menentukan posisi duduk yang lebih nyaman dan menjaga badan dari kelelahan saat mengendarai mobil. Pasalnya, jok ini dibekali dengan 22 mode setelan yang dapat disetel sesuai dengan ukuran tubuh penggunanya melalui Bluetooth.

Caranya cukup dengan masukkan informasi mengenai pengguna pada aplikasi SmartFit yang sudah diintal pada smartphone. Lalu masukkan data jenis kelamin, tinggi badan dan berat badan. Kemudian, masukan foto saat duduk agar posisi pas saat mengemudi dapat diketahui. Nantinya data yang sudah disesuaikan akan di upload ke sistem.


Lalu Faurencia, akan melakukan pengiriman data setelan jok melalui Bluetooth ke kursi mobil.  Dan kursi secara otomatis akan bergeser membentuk posisi paling nyaman bagi pengguna. Sistem ini juga terintegrasi dengan memori seat, jadi pengukuran cukup dilakukan sekali. Kecual anda bertambah gemuk atau kurus.

Menariknya lagi, aplikasi ini juga juga memiliki fitur Shiatsu massage, IsoHeat treatmen dan workout relief, sehingga saat badan terasa pegal, fitur-fitur tersebut bisa diaktifkan dengan perintah Bluetooth. Jadi tak membuat badan lebih lelah saat berkendara. Sampai saat ini pihak Faurencia masih bernegosiasi dengan pabrikan otomotif mengenai aplikasi jok nyaman yang tersebut.

December 17

IB 30/35

You split yourselves into TOK presentation groups today. TOK presentations will take place at the end of February. Please come to Room 111 directly tomorrow. We'll head down to Room 121 together for our debate on the topic: This house believes that government intervention in the economy is necessary.

Social 10-1

We started our Model UN conference today on child soldiers. As proceedings went, I think that it was a pretty good first day. I would expect a resolution on this issue to address the definition of a child and a child soldier, and try to address possible solutions to the issue. We ended with an unmoderated caucus to discuss working papers. Do not write resolutions at home tonight. The whole point of creating working papers is to modify them with the help of other delegates. We'll finish our Model UN conference tomorrow. If you haven't spoken yet or participated in discussion, you need to tomorrow!

IB 20

I went through the following concepts today: direct democracy, representative democracy, parliamentary democracy and presidential democracy. We looked at the structure of government in the USA and in Canada as our examples. Please remember that you will be assessed on your understanding of the dictatorships tomorrow with the writing of the Paper 2.

I'm going to give you a little advice for writing your Paper 2 on Tuesday. Some of this advice applies to the actual Paper 2 Exam that you will be writing in May 2014. The actual Paper 2 Exam consists of five topics, we'll deal with three of them over the course of this semester, and next year. The topics that we cover are Topic 1: Causes, Practices and Effects of War, Topic 3: Authoritarian and Single-Party States, and Topic 5: The Cold War. We'll deal with Topic 1 and Topic 5 next year. The Paper 2 that you write on Tuesday deals only with Authoritarian and Single-Party States. On the actual Paper 2 Exam, each of the five topics will have six questions, and you will have to answer two of them. For Tuesday's Paper 2 you just have to answer one of the questions.

• For each topic on the Paper 2 Exam, three out of the six questions will be 'named' questions. This means that in Topic 3, three of the questions will refer to particular states or leaders. (ex. Analyze the methods used by either Castro or Mao to maintain his position as the ruler of a single-party state.)
• For each topic on the Paper 2 Exam, two out of the six will be 'open-ended' or general questions. This means you can choose any suitable example that you have studied. (ex. Examine how and why one leader of a single-party state was able to make a successful bid for power.)
• For each topic on the Paper 2 Exam, one out of the six will ask about 'social, economic or gender issues'. (ex. Discuss the role and status of women in two single-party states, each chosen from a different region.)

Make sure that you know what your IB command terms mean.  (ex. analyze, compare and contrast, discuss, evaluate, examine, to what extent)

For the upcoming Paper 2 on Tuesday, make sure that you review Hitler and Stalin.

The themes that you should study for Topic 3 are as follows:

Origins and nature of authoritarian and single-party states
This theme asks you to look at the rise to power of authoritarian and single-party state leaders or the emergence of authoritarian or single-party states. You need to consider what kind of circumstances made it possible for this to happen and what kinds of methods were used by the leader to take power.

Establishment of authoritarian and single-party states
This theme asks you to look at the leader or the state once power has been assumed and other political parties or groups have been suppressed. You need to consider how power is maintained, probably through the use of popular policies and/or terror.

Domestic policies and impact
This theme asks you to look at the way the state is actually structured and what kind of policies are carried out. You need to consider what kind of programme is put into practice and how economic and social policies are created and implemented. You will also need to know something about the role of women, attitudes towards religion and the kind of culture that developed inside the state.

Other pieces of advice:

• choose your question carefully
• on the actual Paper 2 Exam, you'll only have about 45 minutes to write each answer (remember you answer two questions for a 90 minute exam)
• make sure that you do a quick 5 minute plan for your essay (if it's a compare and contrast question, set up a chart with similarities that two leaders had in common, and their differences in the other column)

Do's:

• Do read the question very carefully and make sure that you can answer it. If a specific time period is mentioned, do you have enough material to cover it all? If the question asks about social and economic policies, do you know enough about both?
• Do answer the question that is asked on the exam paper and not a similar one you prepared earlier!
• Do plan your answer and include this plan on your exam answer sheets.
• Do begin with an introduction and always refer to the question in the introduction.
• Do define any key words such as 'totalitarian' or 'authoritarian' if the question mentions these.
• Do use a comparative structure if the question asks you to compare and contrast.
• Do include DATES! When you are writing about why something happens, you will usually need to refer to what came before (cause and effect), and so knowing the order in which events happen is very important.
• Do refer to the question in each paragraph, to make sure that your answer stays focused.
• Do finish with a conclusion that sums up your arguments.
• Do include some reference to different historical interpretations, if this is appropriate.

Don'ts:

• Don't write down everything you know about a topic; you need to select only relevant material.
• Don't leave out facts and dates. Your arguments need to be supported, so saying that Castro used guerrilla tactics to come to power is fine, but you need to support this statement with evidence of how he did this.
• Don't just list what historians say about a topic; use historiography to support your arguments not replace them.
• Don't use quotations to replace your arguments. If you use quotations, explain why and link them to your arguments.
• Don't use 'I think ... ' or 'In my opinion ... ' but instead write, 'It is clear that..,' or 'Given the evidence. it can be seen that., .' Try to keep an 'academic' tone to your writing.

Introductions and conclusions - don't neglect these!

Introduction

There is no formula for a good introduction. While some students will state very clearly how they will structure their answers, others may simply give some relevant background and their thoughts on the question. Examiners will want to know that you have understood the question and have grasped its implications. Think of it as a 'first impression', leading the examiner to think 'Good, they are on the right track'. Also, if you are answering an 'openended' question that may, for example, ask about the rise to power of a leader, then you can state here what time period you will focus on. In the case of Nasser, for instance. would you begin in 1952 or 1948 or earlier? Also, are there terms that need to be defined? If so, it is a good idea to do this in the introduction.

Conclusion
Here is your chance to make a 'lasting impression'. You will need to summarize your arguments concisely, but not by repeating them one by one, this is tedious add much to the answer. If you have a nice quotation that is relevant (make sure it is!) and sums up your argument, then use it in the conclusion. It may spark the marker's interest and leave a good impression.